Common Eye Conditions That Can Lead to Low Vision

Low vision refers to significant visual impairment that can’t be fully corrected with glasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery. It can make daily tasks like reading, recognizing faces, or navigating surroundings difficult or even impossible. Many people think low vision is a natural part of aging, but it’s often the result of an underlying eye condition. Understanding these conditions is the first step toward early detection, better management, and preserving independence.
 

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

AMD is one of the leading causes of low vision in adults over 60. It affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for central vision. Over time, individuals may experience blurriness, distortion, or dark spots in their central field of view. While AMD doesn’t cause complete blindness, it can severely impact tasks requiring sharp vision, such as reading or driving.
 

Diabetic Retinopathy

This condition affects people with diabetes and occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels in the retina. In its early stages, it may not cause symptoms, but it can progress to blurred vision, floaters, or even retinal detachment if left untreated. Diabetic retinopathy is a major contributor to vision loss among working-age adults.
 

Glaucoma

Glaucoma is often called the "silent thief of sight" because it typically progresses without symptoms until significant vision has been lost. It involves damage to the optic nerve, usually due to increased pressure in the eye. Peripheral vision is often affected first, and without treatment, it can lead to tunnel vision and eventual blindness.
 

Retinitis Pigmentosa

This group of inherited disorders gradually breaks down the retina's ability to respond to light. People with retinitis pigmentosa usually notice night blindness and a narrowing field of vision over time. As the disease progresses, it can lead to significant visual impairment or total blindness.
 

Cataracts

While cataracts are highly treatable with surgery, they can cause low vision when left untreated. Cataracts cloud the lens of the eye, leading to blurry, dim, or yellow-tinted vision. They develop slowly and can interfere with daily activities as they progress.
 

Optic Nerve Atrophy

Optic nerve atrophy occurs when the optic nerve, which transmits signals from the eye to the brain, is damaged. This damage can stem from trauma, inflammation, or neurological diseases. Symptoms include reduced peripheral vision, poor visual acuity, and difficulty with color vision.
 

Get in Touch with Beyond Low Vision Today

Living with low vision can be challenging, but understanding the underlying causes is the first step toward managing it effectively. While conditions like macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy can lead to permanent vision loss, early intervention and the right support can help you make the most of your remaining vision.
 

At Beyond Low Vision, we specialize in helping individuals adapt to vision loss with customized care and assistive technology. Visit our office in Novi, Michigan, or call (248) 731-9393 to schedule an appointment today.